Abstract:
The article provides a theoretical analysis of research on the problems of psychological formation and adaptation of freshmen with disabilities, which are due to the new social situation of their development in free economic education, inadequate attitudes and self-acceptance of their disability, communication difficulties and relationships with classmates and teachers. The authors propose and scientifically substantiate the model of the process of social and psychological adaptation of disabled freshmen as a complex dynamic process of an individual's entry into a new situation of development, changes in personal states, behavioral reactions, personality traits. According to her, the authors claim that students' maladaptation is characterized by inadequate self-esteem, psychogenic reactions, emotional instability, anxiety, low motivation for achievement and academic success. The process of social and psychological adaptation of students with disabilities affects the change of motivational, cognitive, emotional and behavioral areas of personality.
