DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY STRESS RESISTANCE

Abstract

The article is devoted to topical issues of formation of personality stress resistance in conditions of instability, uncertainty, poor predictability of social processes. These issues are of particular relevance in the context of the armed aggression of the terrorist state on the territory of Ukraine, when the mental load on a person increases for a long time, when constant stress puts new demands on the mind and body. The author considers stress not just as a stimulus-response reaction, but also as an interaction between the individual and the environment, including subjective perception and evaluation of stressors, which is a very personalized process. The sequence of coping strategies used by the personality to confront stressful situations is analysed by the author, regardless of situational factors and in connection with constant personality traits and temperament, such as neuroticism, extroversion, sense of humour, perseverance, fatalism, conscientiousness and openness to life experience, etc. The author singled out a number of factors on which personality stability depends: type of temperament, or neuropsychic stability, emotional balance, anxiety, self-esteem, locus of control; style of thinking; personal reference, degree of conflict, motivation to succeed, experience of social communication, and moral normativity of the personality. Particular attention is paid to one of the central categories of the stress model and the psychological condition for the development of personality stress resistance – coping, the effort by which people mobilize resources and forces inside and outside themselves that will make them feel that their problems are within their power. It was emphasized that in the process of psychological adaptation coping strategies play a compensatory function, and psychological defense mechanisms - decompensation, but they give time to the psyche to develop more effective coping methods. It is noted that each person has its own unique combination of adaptation resources. This combination includes six basic characteristics or features that form the core of an individual fighting style: Beliefs and Values - B; Affect and Emotion - A; Social - S; Imagination and Creativity - I; Cognition and Thought - C; Physiological and Activities - Ph. This model is called "BASIC Ph". The combination of all six signs makes up an individual style of dealing with stress. Identifying such concepts as stress resistance and psychological elasticity, it should be noted that the process of its development is purely individual and depends on the absence of negative self-images and devastating self-criticism; the ability of a person to consciously manage his own behaviour in each situation; the ability to cope with grief and overcome various psychological obstacles, the desire to achieve physical health and optimism. The development of stress resistance depends not only on the external situation and on the current state of a person, but also on socially acquired qualities, skills and abilities.