ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКА МОРАЛІ У СУЧАСНОЇ МОЛОДІ

Abstract

In the article we have analyzed the understanding of moral categories by today’s young people, and we ‘ve describe a system of their moral values. We’ve also investigated the classification of main components of moral consciousness. The semantic of the concepts “moral”, “morality”, “moral consciousness”, “ethic” have been refined, the components of moral consciousness have been allocated. They are cognitive, emotional, values, behavioral. The analysis of philosophical and psychological investigations determines importance of researching the values component of moral consciousness. Empirical investigation of moral hermeneutic revealed that young people understand the substance and structure of moral and the basic components of moral consciousness in scientific investigations but perceive a moral as some abstract system without emotionally involved. On the base the survey of young people we’ve highlighted 12 components of concepts, which explain the moral substance and 16 moral categories. The term “Good”, “Evil” and “Justice” hold a leading position among them, and young people seek to have freedom and call a conscience as the most main category. The less common categories are honor and dignity, volitional qualities as courage, responsibility, and patriotism. Young people are not guided by religion values. We’ve also analyzed separate characteristics, which constitute the structure of morality and moral consciousness. We’ve selected a couples of terms, which have the opposite sense, and positive and negative characteristics. There are more such categories as kindness-aggression, honesty-falsehood, empathy-indifference, tact-rudeness, generosity-greed, selfishness, unselfishness, altruism-egoism. There are norms and values on low level of moral development in the moral consciousness when the moral norms are not conscious. And monitoring compliance with them are responsible for society indicating the maturity of the respondents.