Структурно-семантичні особливості логістичної термінології в англійській мові

Abstract

The article examines the structural and semantic features of the terminology of logistics, which is actively developing, so it is natural to increase the attention of specialists and terminologies to the new nominations of this activity. It is proved that the logistical terminology of the English language combines the nominative units of such sciences as management, economics, technology, mathematics, and law. The idea of the need for perfect understanding of professional speech and understanding of its components was proposed, which requires the study of the structure and semantics of professional terms, in particular logistics. The analysis includes textbooks on logistics, which contain terminological dictionaries-minimums, online explanatory dictionaries of English on logistics, and scientific works of specialists in this field, which ensures the objectivity of the analysis conducted in the study. The authors come to the conclusion that the terminology of the field of logistics in modern English is dominated by one-component terminological units and twocomponent terminological phrases that denote subjectivity, procedurally, and attribution. The ways of origins of logistic terminology and the most productive ways of their formation are considered. It was discovered that a significant part of English-language multicomponent terminological units in the field of logistics is reduced and abbreviated to save language/speech, as well as to accelerate the process of professional communication in the analyzed field. It is proved that the logistical terminology of the English language is formed on a specific English basis with the involvement of terms borrowed from the French language, less often — from German. It is noted that one of the universal features of any terminological system is the presence within it of paradigmatic relations, which in the English-language terminological system are represented by synonymous, antonymic, homonymous relations, as well as polysemy of terms. Despite the well-established opinion in terminology about the undesirable terms of synonymy and polysemy, it is proved that paradigmatic relations in the terminology of English-language logistics are evidence of continuous development of scientific knowledge and the search for the better nominative units to denote new scientific concepts.